Fire Prevention & Fighting System

Fire Prevention & Fighting System

THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT THE FIRE PREVENTION & FIGHTING SYSTEM

To ensure fire prevention & fighting, people as well as investors of the construction need to design and install fire prevention & fighting systems in accordance with specific works to be able to overcome the different fires. However, in our country currently, many places of awareness of people and investors in  fire prevention & fighting works are not high. According to the statistics of the Fire and Rescue Police Department, the statistics of the first 9 months of 2018 nationwide there were 2,989 fires, killing 73 people, injuring 163 people. The total damage of the fire amounted to VND 1,590 billion, of which many big fires occurred in residential areas, apartments, markets and commercial centers,… Therefore, it is very important to understand and build an effective fire prevention & fighting system.

The fire prevention & fighting system is a system installed in the building (buildings, apartments, commercial centers, factories,…) help people detect the fastest and most accurate when a fire occurs, and can extinguish the fire quickly.

We will give an overview of the principles of the fire prevention & fighting system and some basic fire prevention & fighting solutions for buildings, to provide people and investors with a preliminary understanding of fire prevention & fighting, from which to choose the solution and installing reasonable and effective systems.

First of all, we need to understand the principle of forming a fire. A fire occurs based on three factors: oxygen, heat source, and inflammable substance.

And three sufficient conditions: Oxygen must be greater than 14%, the heat source must reach the flammability limit of the substance, the exposure time of the three elements is sufficient to produce a fire.

Thus, in order to prevent and extinguish the fire, we need to eliminate one of the factors that make up the fire. On that basis, the 4 main methods for extinguishing fires are constructed as follows:

·        ·        The cooling method is to lower the temperature of the inflammable substance zone to a lower temperature or lower the temperature of the inflammable substance below its ignition temperature. This method is mainly applied to the fire suppression of solids, and for liquids and gases is rarely applied because lowering the temperature of the fire area is lower than the ignition temperature is difficult to implement.

·        ·        The method of isolating reactants with the fire zone is to prevent contact between combustibles and oxidants in the fire reaction area. This method is applied to extinguish most forms of fire, however, it is necessary to combine cooling water spray to eliminate re-burning.

·        ·        The method of reducing the concentration of reactants is to reduce the concentration of the substances involved in the combustion reaction below their flammability limits. This method can be done by changing the ratio between the combustible and the oxidizing agent or keeping the ratio constant but adding to the area of burning inert substances (not participating in the combustion reaction), particularly by spraying water, steam mist spray, inert gas, powder fire fighting

·        ·        The method of inhibiting (inhibiting) chemical reaction of fire is to lose the ability to activate the active centers of the chain reaction. The substances used to extinguish the fire by this method include some fire extinguishing powders.

In fact, firefighting often uses a combination of methods together, one method will play a key role while the other will play a complementary role.

Once you understand the principles of fire formation and fire fighting, it is easier to understand the operation mechanism of The fire prevention & fighting system. And to have a good the fire prevention & fighting system, the construction houses need modern and superior solutions.

Binh Son Technical Corporation Company always brings the best solutions from surveying, designing the fire prevention & fighting system to providing and installing the fire prevention & fighting system. The construction of the fire prevention & fighting system always set the top quality goal with reasonable cost to economy for customers.​

The fire prevention & fighting system is divided into two main types: fire alarm system and fire-fighting system. In which:

·        ·        Fire alarm system: is a system that detects a burning fire and warns everyone in the building and fire brigade.

The fire extinguishing system: is a system that extinguish the fire when the fire alarm system detects and warns. Limit the spread of fires to the surrounding environment

FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

Playing an extremely important role in the fire prevention & fighting system by itself helps to detect in time the fire flare up, and it also alerts people who are living, working in the building and the fire brigade nearest.

Typically, a fire alarm system consists of 3 parts:

·        Fire alarm center: usually includes processing board, power supply, backup battery.

·        Input devices: mainly include detectors and emergency switches.

·        Output device: including auxiliary display panel, alarm, indicator light and

some other auxiliary accessories (depending on the project required).

On the other hand, the fire alarm system is divided into a conventional fire alarm system (Conventional Fire Alarm System English full name) and fire alarm system based on address (Addressable Fire Alarm system).

How to distinguish two fire alarm systems?

·        Conventional fire alarm system only has general fire alarm capability for a wide area

·        The addressable fire alarm system is much more advanced, it will transmit signals from each individual detector to the control center, accurately detect and accurately warn the area of fire to take measures timely fire fighting.

With outstanding advantages, the addressable fire alarm system is now installed in large-scale projects, need to be divided into different areas.

THE FIRE EXTINGGUISHING SYSTEM

As mentioned above, the fire extinguishing system has the effect of extinguishing or limiting the spread of fires in the building. Currently, this system in Vietnam often uses three main types: using water, foam or gas.

USING WATER

The most commonly used water fire extinguishing system is sprinkler - automatic fire extinguishing with sprinkler always in standby mode.

Conventional sprinkler system, sprinkler head is installed in the pipe system containing water. When each individual sprinkler opens because the heat from the fire activates, the water will immediately be ejected. There are some constructions of installing the infrared sprinkler system. At this time, all 

sprinklers will spray water at the same time when the fire alarm system is located near these sprinklers.

The advantage of this system is that it is quick and inexpensive to install, but the disadvantage is that it is not suitable for large fires, and cannot be applied for a long time, only temporarily. Besides, this system also easily causes damage to valuable equipment and assets in the scope of fire fighting.

Use foam.

Disadvantages of fire-fighting systems by water are not effective in fires formed from flammable liquids (fire type B - gasoline, oil, ...), so people use the fire extinguishing system by foam.

The main components of Foam include: water, condensed foam and air. Depending on the type of foam used for fire fighting, the fire extinguishing method of each foam system will be different, possibly covering the surface of the fire with a thick foam to isolate the burning substance from the air, or cooling the fuel with the amount of water in the foam.

Note: In the market today there are many distributors of fire foam with diverse prices. However, you should note that each foam has different components, the speed of fire is different. When a fire is detected, the rate of fire fighting is always a top priority to limit human and material damage.

Therefore, do not because of the cost of choosing a foam with low fire rate or low performance, because when there is a fire and explosion incident, the material damage is much greater than the amount you spend on fire fighting foam.

Use gas.

When compared with the fire extinguishing system using water and foam, the fire extinguishing system uses gas that is superior to the performance and fire fighting range because it also cures both the machinery areas and equipment electronic.

The most popular in Vietnam market today is using CO2 and inert gas. CO2 gas has many outstanding advantages, however, because CO2 is easy to cause respiratory failure and can cause death due to too much inhalation, thus limiting the use of people in rooms. Other way, if you do not know how to use it, it is very easy to burn cold.

When using inert gas, you no longer wonder because it does not affect the respiratory system, can be used when there are people in the fire environment. Currently, a mixture of inert or inert gas consists of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argon.

Above are just the most basic information about the fire prevention & fighting systems so you can easily distinguish and understand the general outline of this system.

Your partner, customers do not know which fire protection system to install for their project? Contact Binh Son Technical Corporation Company immediately, we will advise specifically to you.